Languages
Pieterjan De Potter and Pedro Debevere, Ghent University - IBBT/ELIS - Multimedia Lab/Belgium
Hans Cools, MD, Agfa Healthcare/Belgium
Agfa Healthcare/Belgium
Formal description of languages and their codes as standardized in ISO 639.
OWL-Full
Afar
Abkhazian
Achinese
Acoli
Adangme
Adyghe; Adygei
Afro-Asiatic languages
Afrihili
Afrikaans
Ainu
Akan
Akkadian
Albanian
Aleut
Algonquian languages
Southern Altai
Amharic
English, Old (ca.450-1100)
Angika
Apache languages
Arabic
Official Aramaic (700-300 BCE); Imperial Aramaic (700-300 BCE)
Aragonese
Armenian
Mapudungun; Mapuche
Arapaho
Artificial languages
Arawak
Assamese
Asturian; Bable; Leonese; Asturleonese
Athapascan languages
Australian languages
Avaric
Avestan
Awadhi
Aymara
Azerbaijani
Banda languages
Bamileke languages
Bashkir
Baluchi
Bambara
Balinese
Basque
Basa
Baltic languages
Beja; Bedawiyet
Belarusian
Bemba
Bengali
Berber languages
Bhojpuri
Bihari
Bikol
Bini; Edo
Bislama
Siksika
Bantu (Other)
Bosnian
Braj
Breton
Batak languages
Buriat
Buginese
Bulgarian
Burmese
Blin; Bilin
Caddo
Central American Indian languages
Galibi Carib
Catalan; Valencian
Caucasian languages
Cebuano
Celtic languages
Chamorro
Chibcha
Chechen
Chagatai
Chinese
Chuukese
Mari
Chinook jargon
Choctaw
Chipewyan; Dene Suline
Cherokee
Church Slavic; Old Slavonic; Church Slavonic; Old Bulgarian; Old Church Slavonic
Chuvash
Cheyenne
Chamic languages
Coptic
Cornish
Corsican
Creoles and pidgins, English based
Creoles and pidgins, French-based
Creoles and pidgins, Portuguese-based
Cree
Crimean Tatar; Crimean Turkish
Creoles and pidgins
Kashubian
Cushitic languages
Czech
Dakota
Danish
Dargwa
Land Dayak languages
Delaware
Slave (Athapascan)
Dogrib
Dinka
Divehi; Dhivehi; Maldivian
Dogri
Dravidian languages
Lower Sorbian
Duala
Dutch, Middle (ca.1050-1350)
Dutch; Flemish
Dyula
Dzongkha
Efik
Egyptian (Ancient)
Ekajuk
Elamite
English
English, Middle (1100-1500)
Esperanto
Estonian
Ewe
Ewondo
Fang
Faroese
Fanti
Fijian
Filipino; Pilipino
Finnish
Finno-Ugrian languages
Fon
French
French, Middle (ca.1400-1600)
French, Old (842-ca.1400)
Northern Frisian
Eastern Frisian
Western Frisian
Fulah
Friulian
Gayo
Gbaya
Germanic languages
Georgian
German
Geez
Gilbertese
Gaelic; Scottish Gaelic
Irish
Galician
Manx
German, Middle High (ca.1050-1500)
German, Old High (ca.750-1050)
Gondi
Gorontalo
Gothic
Grebo
Greek, Ancient (to 1453)
Greek, Modern (1453-)
Guarani
Swiss German; Alemannic; Alsatian
Gujarati
Gwich'in
Haida
Haitian; Haitian Creole
Hausa
Hawaiian
Hebrew
Herero
Hiligaynon
Himachali
Hindi
Hittite
Hmong
Hiri Motu
Croatian
Upper Sorbian
Hungarian
Hupa
Iban
Igbo
Icelandic
Ido
Sichuan Yi; Nuosu
Ijo languages
Inuktitut
Interlingue; Occidental
Iloko
Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association)
Indic languages
Indonesian
Indo-European languages
Ingush
Inupiaq
Iranian languages
Iroquoian languages
Italian
Javanese
Lojban
Japanese
Judeo-Persian
Judeo-Arabic
Kara-Kalpak
Kabyle
Kachin; Jingpho
Kalaallisut; Greenlandic
Kamba
Kannada
Karen languages
Kashmiri
Kanuri
Kawi
Kazakh
Kabardian
Khasi
Khoisan languages
Central Khmer
Khotanese; Sakan
Kikuyu; Gikuyu
Kinyarwanda
Kirghiz; Kyrgyz
Kimbundu
Konkani
Komi
Kongo
Korean
Kosraean
Kpelle
Karachay-Balkar
Karelian
Kru languages
Kurukh
Kuanyama; Kwanyama
Kumyk
Kurdish
Kutenai
Ladino
Lahnda
Lamba
Lao
Latin
Latvian
Lezghian
Limburgan; Limburger; Limburgish
Lingala
Lithuanian
Mongo
Lozi
Luxembourgish; Letzeburgesch
Luba-Lulua
Luba-Katanga
Ganda
Luiseno
Lunda
Luo (Kenya and Tanzania)
Lushai
Macedonian
Madurese
Magahi
Marshallese
Maithili
Makasar
Malayalam
Mandingo
Maori
Austronesian languages
Marathi
Masai
Malay
Moksha
Mandar
Mende
Irish, Middle (900-1200)
Mi'kmaq; Micmac
Minangkabau
Uncoded languages
Mon-Khmer languages
Malagasy
Maltese
Manchu
Manipuri
Manobo languages
Mohawk
Mongolian
Mossi
Multiple languages
Munda languages
Creek
Mirandese
Marwari
Mayan languages
Erzya
Nahuatl languages
North American Indian languages
Neapolitan
Nauru
Navajo; Navaho
Ndebele, South; South Ndebele
Ndebele, North; North Ndebele
Ndonga
Low German; Low Saxon; German, Low; Saxon, Low
Nepali
Nepal Bhasa; Newari
Nias
Niger-Kordofanian languages
Niuean
Norwegian Nynorsk; Nynorsk, Norwegian
Bokmål, Norwegian; Norwegian Bokmål
Nogai
Norse, Old
Norwegian
N'Ko
Pedi; Sepedi; Northern Sotho
Nubian languages
Classical Newari; Old Newari; Classical Nepal Bhasa
Chichewa; Chewa; Nyanja
Nyamwezi
Nyankole
Nyoro
Nzima
Occitan (post 1500); Provençal
Ojibwa
Oriya
Oromo
Osage
Ossetian; Ossetic
Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928)
Otomian languages
Papuan languages
Pangasinan
Pahlavi
Pampanga; Kapampangan
Panjabi; Punjabi
Papiamento
Palauan
Persian, Old (ca.600-400 B.C.)
Persian
Philippine languages
Phoenician
Pali
Polish
Pohnpeian
Portuguese
Prakrit languages
Provençal, Old (to 1500)
Pushto; Pashto
Reserved for local use
Quechua
Rajasthani
Rapanui
Rarotongan; Cook Islands Maori
Romance languages
Romansh
Romany
Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan
Rundi
Aromanian; Arumanian; Macedo-Romanian
Russian
Sandawe
Sango
Yakut
South American Indian (Other)
Salishan languages
Samaritan Aramaic
Sanskrit
Sasak
Santali
Sicilian
Scots
Selkup
Semitic languages
Irish, Old (to 900)
Sign Languages
Shan
Sidamo
Sinhala; Sinhalese
Siouan languages
Sino-Tibetan languages
Slavic languages
Slovak
Slovenian
Southern Sami
Northern Sami
Sami languages
Lule Sami
Inari Sami
Samoan
Skolt Sami
Shona
Sindhi
Soninke
Sogdian
Somali
Songhai languages
Sotho, Southern
Spanish; Castilian
Sardinian
Sranan Tongo
Serbian
Serer
Nilo-Saharan languages
Swati
Sukuma
Sundanese
Susu
Sumerian
Swahili
Swedish
Classical Syriac
Syriac
Tahitian
Tai languages
Tamil
Tatar
Telugu
Timne
Tereno
Tetum
Tajik
Tagalog
Thai
Tibetan
Tigre
Tigrinya
Tiv
Tokelau
Klingon; tlhIngan-Hol
Tlingit
Tamashek
Tonga (Nyasa)
Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Tok Pisin
Tsimshian
Tswana
Tsonga
Turkmen
Tumbuka
Tupi languages
Turkish
Altaic languages
Tuvalu
Twi
Tuvinian
Udmurt
Ugaritic
Uighur; Uyghur
Ukrainian
Umbundu
Undetermined
Urdu
Uzbek
Vai
Venda
Vietnamese
Volapük
Votic
Wakashan languages
Walamo
Waray
Washo
Welsh
Sorbian languages
Walloon
Wolof
Kalmyk; Oirat
Xhosa
Yao
Yapese
Yiddish
Yoruba
Yupik languages
Zapotec
Blissymbols; Blissymbolics; Bliss
Zenaga
Zhuang; Chuang
Zande languages
Zulu
Zuni
No linguistic content; Not applicable
Zaza; Dimili; Dimli; Kirdki; Kirmanjki; Zazaki